Synology DSM Commands

Synology DiskStation Manager SSH and CLI commands.

NAS Startup Procedure

Step 1: Power on NAS

Press power button to boot Synology NAS

Step 2: Wait for boot

Wait 2-5 minutes for DSM to start

Step 3: Verify system

Check system status after boot

synoboot --version

Display DSM version

uptime

Display system uptime

Step 4: Check services

Verify services are running

synoservice --list

List all services

Step 5: Check storage

Verify storage pools and volumes

cat /proc/mdstat

Display RAID status

synostgpool --list

List storage pools

NAS Shutdown Procedure

Step 1: Stop active tasks

Ensure backups and syncs are complete

synoschedtask --get

List scheduled tasks

Step 2: Notify users

Warn connected users of shutdown

who

Display currently logged in users

Step 3: Stop packages

Stop running packages if needed

synopkg stop <package>

Stop a package

Step 4: Graceful shutdown

Shutdown or reboot the NAS

shutdown -h now

Shutdown the system immediately

reboot

Reboot the system

System Information

synoboot --version

Display DSM version

cat /etc/synoinfo.conf

Display system configuration info

synoinfo --help

Display synoinfo help

uname -a

Display kernel version

uptime

Display system uptime

df -h

Display disk usage

free -m

Display memory usage

cat /proc/cpuinfo

Display CPU information

synosetkeyvalue /etc/synoinfo.conf support_disk_compatibility yes

Enable disk compatibility

Storage & RAID

synodiskport -enum

List all disk ports and their status

cat /proc/mdstat

Display RAID status

synopartition --list

List all partitions

synostgpool --list

List storage pools

synostgpool --info <pool_id>

Display storage pool details

synostorage --status

Display storage status

synoschedtask --get

List scheduled tasks

cat /sys/block/md*/md/sync_action

Check RAID scrubbing status

echo check > /sys/block/md2/md/sync_action

Start RAID scrubbing

Volume Management

synoshare --list

List all shared folders

synoshare --get <share_name>

Display shared folder details

synoshare --add <name> <description> /volume1/<folder> <user> <password>

Create shared folder

synoshare --del <share_name>

Delete shared folder

synoshare --setuser <share> <user> <permission>

Set share permissions (RW/RO/NA)

synoquota user

Display user quotas

synoquota set <user> <quota_gb>GB

Set user quota

Network Configuration

ifconfig

Display network interface configuration

ip addr show

Display IP addresses

route -n

Display routing table

netstat -tuln

Display listening ports

synobonding --list

List Link Aggregation bonds

synovpnclient --list

List VPN connections

synonet --show

Display network settings

synonet --restart

Restart network service

cat /etc/resolv.conf

Display DNS configuration

ping -c 4 <ip>

Ping network host

Service Management

synoservice --list

List all services

synoservice --status <service>

Check service status

synoservice --enable <service>

Enable service

synoservice --disable <service>

Disable service

synoservice --restart <service>

Restart service

synoservice --hard-restart <service>

Force restart service

synoservicectl --list

List service control utilities

synoservicectl --status sshd

Check SSH service status

systemctl status <service>

Check systemd service status

User & Group Management

synouser --list

List all users

synouser --get <username>

Display user details

synouser --add <username> <password> <description>

Create user

synouser --del <username>

Delete user

synouser --setpw <username> <password>

Change user password

synouser --rebuild all

Rebuild user database

synogroup --list

List all groups

synogroup --get <groupname>

Display group details

synogroup --add <groupname> <description>

Create group

synogroup --member <groupname> <username>

Add user to group

Package Management

synopkg list

List installed packages

synopkg status <package>

Check package status

synopkg install <package.spk>

Install package

synopkg uninstall <package>

Uninstall package

synopkg start <package>

Start package

synopkg stop <package>

Stop package

synopkg restart <package>

Restart package

synopkg log <package>

View package logs

Docker & Container

docker ps

List running containers

docker ps -a

List all containers

docker images

List Docker images

docker stop <container_id>

Stop container

docker start <container_id>

Start container

docker restart <container_id>

Restart container

docker logs <container_id>

View container logs

docker exec -it <container_id> /bin/bash

Access container shell

docker system prune -a

Clean up unused Docker data

Backup & Snapshot

synoschedtask --get backup

List backup tasks

synoschedtask --run id=<task_id>

Run backup task manually

synosnapshot --list

List snapshots

synosnapshot --create <volume>

Create snapshot

synosnapshot --delete <snapshot_id>

Delete snapshot

btrfs subvolume list /volume1

List Btrfs subvolumes

btrfs filesystem usage /volume1

Display Btrfs usage

Logs & Monitoring

tail -f /var/log/messages

Monitor system log in real-time

synologget --tail

Monitor Synology logs

synologset --filter

Filter and display logs

cat /var/log/synolog/*.log

View Synology service logs

dmesg | tail -50

Display recent kernel messages

top

Display real-time process information

htop

Interactive process viewer

iostat

Display I/O statistics

sar

System activity reporter

Security & Firewall

synofw --show

Display firewall rules

synofw --enable

Enable firewall

synofw --disable

Disable firewall

cat /etc/security/access.conf

View access control configuration

synoacltool -get <path>

Display ACL for file/folder

synoacltool -del <path>

Remove ACL from file/folder

lastlog

Display user last login information

last

Display login history

who

Display currently logged in users

System Maintenance

reboot

Reboot the system

shutdown -h now

Shutdown the system

synobootseq --list

List boot sequence

synobootseq --get-boot-mode

Get current boot mode

synoupgrade --check

Check for DSM updates

synoupgrade --download

Download DSM update

synoupgrade --install

Install DSM update

synocfgen

Regenerate system configuration files

synology_hdd_util --led <port> <on|off>

Control disk LED

synoconfbkp export --filepath /tmp/config.dss

Export system configuration

synoconfbkp import --filepath /tmp/config.dss

Import system configuration