Synology DSM Commands
Synology DiskStation Manager SSH and CLI commands.
NAS Startup Procedure
Step 1: Power on NASPress power button to boot Synology NAS
Step 2: Wait for bootWait 2-5 minutes for DSM to start
Step 3: Verify systemCheck system status after boot
synoboot --versionDisplay DSM version
uptimeDisplay system uptime
Step 4: Check servicesVerify services are running
synoservice --listList all services
Step 5: Check storageVerify storage pools and volumes
cat /proc/mdstatDisplay RAID status
synostgpool --listList storage pools
NAS Shutdown Procedure
Step 1: Stop active tasksEnsure backups and syncs are complete
synoschedtask --getList scheduled tasks
Step 2: Notify usersWarn connected users of shutdown
whoDisplay currently logged in users
Step 3: Stop packagesStop running packages if needed
synopkg stop <package>Stop a package
Step 4: Graceful shutdownShutdown or reboot the NAS
shutdown -h nowShutdown the system immediately
rebootReboot the system
System Information
synoboot --versionDisplay DSM version
cat /etc/synoinfo.confDisplay system configuration info
synoinfo --helpDisplay synoinfo help
uname -aDisplay kernel version
uptimeDisplay system uptime
df -hDisplay disk usage
free -mDisplay memory usage
cat /proc/cpuinfoDisplay CPU information
synosetkeyvalue /etc/synoinfo.conf support_disk_compatibility yesEnable disk compatibility
Storage & RAID
synodiskport -enumList all disk ports and their status
cat /proc/mdstatDisplay RAID status
synopartition --listList all partitions
synostgpool --listList storage pools
synostgpool --info <pool_id>Display storage pool details
synostorage --statusDisplay storage status
synoschedtask --getList scheduled tasks
cat /sys/block/md*/md/sync_actionCheck RAID scrubbing status
echo check > /sys/block/md2/md/sync_actionStart RAID scrubbing
Volume Management
synoshare --listList all shared folders
synoshare --get <share_name>Display shared folder details
synoshare --add <name> <description> /volume1/<folder> <user> <password>Create shared folder
synoshare --del <share_name>Delete shared folder
synoshare --setuser <share> <user> <permission>Set share permissions (RW/RO/NA)
synoquota userDisplay user quotas
synoquota set <user> <quota_gb>GBSet user quota
Network Configuration
ifconfigDisplay network interface configuration
ip addr showDisplay IP addresses
route -nDisplay routing table
netstat -tulnDisplay listening ports
synobonding --listList Link Aggregation bonds
synovpnclient --listList VPN connections
synonet --showDisplay network settings
synonet --restartRestart network service
cat /etc/resolv.confDisplay DNS configuration
ping -c 4 <ip>Ping network host
Service Management
synoservice --listList all services
synoservice --status <service>Check service status
synoservice --enable <service>Enable service
synoservice --disable <service>Disable service
synoservice --restart <service>Restart service
synoservice --hard-restart <service>Force restart service
synoservicectl --listList service control utilities
synoservicectl --status sshdCheck SSH service status
systemctl status <service>Check systemd service status
User & Group Management
synouser --listList all users
synouser --get <username>Display user details
synouser --add <username> <password> <description>Create user
synouser --del <username>Delete user
synouser --setpw <username> <password>Change user password
synouser --rebuild allRebuild user database
synogroup --listList all groups
synogroup --get <groupname>Display group details
synogroup --add <groupname> <description>Create group
synogroup --member <groupname> <username>Add user to group
Package Management
synopkg listList installed packages
synopkg status <package>Check package status
synopkg install <package.spk>Install package
synopkg uninstall <package>Uninstall package
synopkg start <package>Start package
synopkg stop <package>Stop package
synopkg restart <package>Restart package
synopkg log <package>View package logs
Docker & Container
docker psList running containers
docker ps -aList all containers
docker imagesList Docker images
docker stop <container_id>Stop container
docker start <container_id>Start container
docker restart <container_id>Restart container
docker logs <container_id>View container logs
docker exec -it <container_id> /bin/bashAccess container shell
docker system prune -aClean up unused Docker data
Backup & Snapshot
synoschedtask --get backupList backup tasks
synoschedtask --run id=<task_id>Run backup task manually
synosnapshot --listList snapshots
synosnapshot --create <volume>Create snapshot
synosnapshot --delete <snapshot_id>Delete snapshot
btrfs subvolume list /volume1List Btrfs subvolumes
btrfs filesystem usage /volume1Display Btrfs usage
Logs & Monitoring
tail -f /var/log/messagesMonitor system log in real-time
synologget --tailMonitor Synology logs
synologset --filterFilter and display logs
cat /var/log/synolog/*.logView Synology service logs
dmesg | tail -50Display recent kernel messages
topDisplay real-time process information
htopInteractive process viewer
iostatDisplay I/O statistics
sarSystem activity reporter
Security & Firewall
synofw --showDisplay firewall rules
synofw --enableEnable firewall
synofw --disableDisable firewall
cat /etc/security/access.confView access control configuration
synoacltool -get <path>Display ACL for file/folder
synoacltool -del <path>Remove ACL from file/folder
lastlogDisplay user last login information
lastDisplay login history
whoDisplay currently logged in users
System Maintenance
rebootReboot the system
shutdown -h nowShutdown the system
synobootseq --listList boot sequence
synobootseq --get-boot-modeGet current boot mode
synoupgrade --checkCheck for DSM updates
synoupgrade --downloadDownload DSM update
synoupgrade --installInstall DSM update
synocfgenRegenerate system configuration files
synology_hdd_util --led <port> <on|off>Control disk LED
synoconfbkp export --filepath /tmp/config.dssExport system configuration
synoconfbkp import --filepath /tmp/config.dssImport system configuration